Jan 31

Why Have Banks Really Tightened Lending Standards?

Why Have Banks Really Tightened Lending Standards?

Home ownership affordability is at a record high due to low home prices and all-time low mortgage rates. But housing experts have blamed banks’ tightened lending standards for keeping more buyers on the sidelines because they are unable to qualify for financing.

Lending standards increased sharply after the financial crisis in 2008, and even after the recession ended in 2009. Lenders have yet to ease their stricter standards, according to a report by Goldman Sachs economists Hui Shan and Jari Stehn.

Why? The researchers say it’s mostly because there’s less money available to lend.

“During the housing boom, as brokers produced a flood of new mortgages, Wall Street bankers churned out a torrent of mortgage-backed bonds for investors waiting to snap them up,” an article at MSNBC.com notes, in describing the study’s findings. “That market has all but vanished; 90 percent of new mortgages written today are backed by the government.”

Also, researchers found that lenders are swamped with more paperwork, which is also causing delays in processing. Many lenders have issued stricter documentation requirements before they’ll approve a loan. Nowadays, nearly 90 percent of mortgage applications require “full documentation” before getting approved. From 2000 to 2006, less than 60 percent of applications required “full documentation,” researchers found.

Note: Another reason banks have tightened up their lending is because Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are requiring banks to repurchase some of the loans they’ve made. As reported by Bloomberg News, banks don’t want to get hit with more mandatory repurchases, so they have added “overlays” (such as minimum downpayment, debt ratio, etc.) to FHA, Fannie, and Freddie standards, and are only making the most conservative loans.

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